Ayrotv.com- The Awdal region, located in the northwestern part of Somalia, is often overlooked in discussions surrounding the country’s history and its people. Among the key groups inhabiting this region are the Gadaboursi, a people with a rich heritage dating back to the Adal Empire, which once ruled significant parts of the Horn of Africa. This article seeks to illuminate the contributions of the Gadaboursi and the historical context that shapes their identity today, particularly in the aftermath of Somalia’s prolonged turmoil.
A- Historical Context
Since the fall of the military regime in Somalia, the country has experienced a tumultuous recovery, particularly characterized by the civil war and the rise of terrorism that has devastated communities. While the southern regions have seen improvements in governance and security, the north has remained mired in uncertainty. The peace accords signed in 1991 between tribal leaders in Sheikh and Borama have been marred by the dominance of the Isaaq tribe, leading to what many describe as an ethno-supremacist regime. This has resulted in injustices and human rights violations that warrant further exploration.
B- The Gadaboursi and Their Contributions
Despite the overshadowing narratives, the Gadaboursi people have played a crucial role throughout history. Their lineage traces back to the Adal Empire, with historical documents highlighting the leadership of Ugaas Nuur II, who ruled over an expansive territory that included present-day Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Somalia.
1. In Djibouti
1. Early Resistance to Colonial Powers: When the French arrived in the Horn of Africa, they encountered significant resistance from local leaders, including Sultan Haji Dide of the Gadaboursi. His negotiations forced the French to refer to the territory as “CÔTES Française de Somali.”
2. Political Leadership: The Gadaboursi played a pivotal role in Djibouti’s early governance. Notable figures include:
a)- Aden Sheikh Hassan Nuriye: An influential leader who later became the first ambassador of Djibouti to Saudi Arabia and was instrumental in securing Djibouti’s membership in the Arab League.
b)- Jama Saylici: The first governor of Djibouti during French rule, exemplifying Gadaboursi leadership in the region.
C)- Omar Kahin
d)- Omar Osman Rabeh
e)- Mohamoud Osman Houfaneh
f)- Ali Ibrahim
g)- Robert Carton
h)- Saleeban Farah
i)- Abdillahi Ahmed God
And many, many others whobare today absence on the new reality that some created.
The late 1980s saw a shift in power dynamics, leading to a systematic replacement of Gadaboursi leaders with individuals from the Isse tribe, further contributing to the tribal tensions in Djibouti.
B. In Ethiopia
1. Diplomatic Relations: The Gadaboursi Ugaas (King), such as Ugaas Nuur and Ugaas Rooble Doodi, maintained strong ties with Ethiopian royalty, particularly during the reigns of Kings Menelik II and Haileslasse. They were frequently consulted on matters concerning Somali issues, reinforcing their status as key political players.
2. Influential Advisors: Figures such as Ismael Hassan Sheikh Nuriye served as foreign ministers and advisors of King Haileslasse, playing a significant role in shaping Ethiopia’s foreign policy during critical periods in the 20th century.
C. In Somalia
1. Diplomatic Stability: Mohamed Hassan Sheikh Nuriye was a notable Gadaboursi diplomat who helped stabilize Somalia’s international relations during the military regime His contributions extended to fostering ties between Somaliland and Ethiopia under former President Dahir Rayale
Conclusion
The Gadaboursi people have made invaluable contributions to the political landscape of the Awdal region and beyond, yet their achievements remain underrecognized. As Somalia continues to navigate its path toward recovery, acknowledging the historical significance and contributions of the Gadaboursi is essential. Their role in preserving the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Somalia should not be dismissed, and the Awdal region’s potential as an autonomous area within the country deserves recognition and support. The rich history of the Gadaboursi stands as a testament to the resilience and enduring spirit of its people, contributing to the broader narrative of Somali history.
By: PROF. BURAALE XINIIN
